RARAF is a dedicated radiobiology research center offering irradiation services using protons, alpha particles, and neutrons as well as X rays. The centerpiece of the RARAF irradiation facilities are our high-throughput single-cell/single-particle microbeams, which can deliver defined amounts of ionizing radiation (down to a single particle) into specified locations in individual cells with micron or sub-micron resolution. The ability to specifically irradiate cellular targets while guaranteeing that neighboring cells or organelles do not receive any ionization allows for the study of intra- and intercellular communication and damage response. In addition to the microbeam, broad beam particle and X-ray irradiation facilities are available on site for comparison of the microbeam systems to standard irradiation methods.